Macroporous latex biomembrane from <i>Hancornia</i> speciosa modulates the inflammatory process and has a debridement effect on wound healing in rats

Martins, Kassya Lopes Epaminondas; Thomaz, Marcelo Martins; Magno, Lais Nogueira; Vinaud, Marina Clare; Almeida, Luciane Madureira; Gonçalves, Pablo José; Lino Junior, Ruy de Souza

doi:10.1590/acb385323

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Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Acta Bras Cir 38 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/acb385323 copy

Macroporous latex biomembrane from Hancornia speciosa modulates the inflammatory process and has a debridement effect on wound healing in rats

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Purpose:

The angiogenic, osteogenic and anti-inflammatory activity of latex of Hancornia speciosa has been evidenced and indicates pharmacological potential with great applicability in the health area, especially in the wound healing process. The present work aimed to compare the effects of the H. speciosa macroporous latex biomembrane with saline on wound healing.

Methods:

Forty-three Wistar rats were submitted to excisional wound induction procedure and divided into groups according to treatment: saline (G1), and macroporous biomembrane (G2). The animals were euthanized at three, seven, 14, and 21 days after injury induction (DAI), and three animals were used for the debridement test. Morphometric, macroscopic, and microscopic analyses of general pathological processes were performed.

Results:

The macroporous biomembrane minimized necrosis and inflammation during the inflammatory and proliferative phases of the healing process, confirmed by the lower intensity of the crust and the debridement effect. In addition, the wounds treated with the macroporous biomembrane presented greater contraction rates in all the experimental periods analyzed.

Conclusions:

The macroporous biomembrane presents angiogenic, anti-inflammatory and debridement effects, contributing to the healing process, and can be considered a potentially promising new biomaterial to be used as a dressing.

Key words
Biocompatible Materials; Wound Healing; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Debridement

Days after injury induction	G1	G2	P-value
Days after injury induction	% (Mean ± SD)	% (Mean ± SD)	P-value
3	22.3 ± 9.5	36.9 ± 6.6	0.030^* * statistically significant difference. Source: Elaborated by the authors.
7	42.4 ± 13.7	62.8 ± 4.3	0.013^* * statistically significant difference. Source: Elaborated by the authors.
14	90.2 ± 2.6	92.5 ± 1.1	0.102
21	90.3 ± 1.8	94.8 ± 2.0	0.006^* * statistically significant difference. Source: Elaborated by the authors.

DAI	G1 M (min–max)	G2 M (min–max)	p-value
3	2.0 (2.0–3.0)	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	0.029^* * statistically significant difference. The statistical analysis considered a semi-quantitative analysis as follows: 0 – absent; 1 – discrete; 2 – moderate; 3 – accentuated. Statistical test used: Mann-Whitney. Source: Elaborated by the authors.
7	2.0 (1.0–3.0)	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	0.016^* * statistically significant difference. The statistical analysis considered a semi-quantitative analysis as follows: 0 – absent; 1 – discrete; 2 – moderate; 3 – accentuated. Statistical test used: Mann-Whitney. Source: Elaborated by the authors.
14	1.0 (0.0–2.0)	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	0.190
21	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	1.000

General pathologic processes	DAI	G1 Median (min–max)	G2 Median (min–max)	p-value
Necrosis/crust	3	3.0 (3.0–3.0)	2.0 (1.0–3.0)	0.032^* * statistically significant difference. The statistical analysis considered a semi-quantitative analysis as follows: 0 – absent; 1 – discrete; 2 – moderate; 3 – accentuated. Statistical test used: Mann-Whitney. Source: Elaborated by the authors.
	7	2.0 (1.0–3.0)	0.0 (0.0–1.0)	0.008^* * statistically significant difference. The statistical analysis considered a semi-quantitative analysis as follows: 0 – absent; 1 – discrete; 2 – moderate; 3 – accentuated. Statistical test used: Mann-Whitney. Source: Elaborated by the authors.
	14	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	0.0 (0.0–1.0)	0.690
	21	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	1.000
Polymorphonuclear cells infiltrate	3	3.0 (3.0–3.0)	2.0 (1.0–2.0)	0.008^* * statistically significant difference. The statistical analysis considered a semi-quantitative analysis as follows: 0 – absent; 1 – discrete; 2 – moderate; 3 – accentuated. Statistical test used: Mann-Whitney. Source: Elaborated by the authors.
	7	2.0 (1.0–2.0)	0.0 (0.0–1.0)	0.016^* * statistically significant difference. The statistical analysis considered a semi-quantitative analysis as follows: 0 – absent; 1 – discrete; 2 – moderate; 3 – accentuated. Statistical test used: Mann-Whitney. Source: Elaborated by the authors.
	14	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	0.0 (0.0–1.0)	0.690
	21	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	0.0 (0.0–1.0)	1.000
Mononuclear cells infiltrate	3	2.0 (2.0–2.0)	2.0 (1.0–2.0)	1.000
	7	3.0 (3.0–3.0)	3.0 (3.0–3.0)	1.000
	14	2.0 (1.0–3.0)	1.0 (1.0–2.0)	0.010^* * statistically significant difference. The statistical analysis considered a semi-quantitative analysis as follows: 0 – absent; 1 – discrete; 2 – moderate; 3 – accentuated. Statistical test used: Mann-Whitney. Source: Elaborated by the authors.
	21	1.0 (1.0–2.0)	1.0 (1.0–2.0)	0.010^* * statistically significant difference. The statistical analysis considered a semi-quantitative analysis as follows: 0 – absent; 1 – discrete; 2 – moderate; 3 – accentuated. Statistical test used: Mann-Whitney. Source: Elaborated by the authors.
Blood vessels quantification	3	1.0 (0.0–1.0)	1.0 (0.0–1.0)	0.690
	7	2.0 (1.0–2.0)	3.0 (2.0–3.0)	0.016^* * statistically significant difference. The statistical analysis considered a semi-quantitative analysis as follows: 0 – absent; 1 – discrete; 2 – moderate; 3 – accentuated. Statistical test used: Mann-Whitney. Source: Elaborated by the authors.
	14	3.0 (3.0–3.0)	2.0 (2.0–2.0)	0.008^* * statistically significant difference. The statistical analysis considered a semi-quantitative analysis as follows: 0 – absent; 1 – discrete; 2 – moderate; 3 – accentuated. Statistical test used: Mann-Whitney. Source: Elaborated by the authors.
	21	1.0 (0.0–2.0)	1.0 (1.0–2.0)	0.841
Fibroblast	3	1.0 (1.0–1.0)	1.0 (1.0–1.0)	1.000
	7	3.0 (3.0–3.0)	2.0 (2.0–2.0)	0.008^* * statistically significant difference. The statistical analysis considered a semi-quantitative analysis as follows: 0 – absent; 1 – discrete; 2 – moderate; 3 – accentuated. Statistical test used: Mann-Whitney. Source: Elaborated by the authors.
	14	3.0 (3.0–3.0)	3.0 (3.0–3.0)	1.000
	21	3.0 (3.0–3.0)	2.0 (2.0–3.0)	0.032^* * statistically significant difference. The statistical analysis considered a semi-quantitative analysis as follows: 0 – absent; 1 – discrete; 2 – moderate; 3 – accentuated. Statistical test used: Mann-Whitney. Source: Elaborated by the authors.

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[1] *Corresponding author: ruy@ufg.br