Shuai et al.1010 Shuai Q, Zhao G, Lian X, Wan J, Cen B, Zhang W, Liu J, Su W, Wang H. Self-assembling poly(ethylene glycol)-block-polylactide-cabazitaxel conjugate NPs for anticancer therapy with high efficacy and low in vivo toxicity. Int J Pharm. 2020;574:118879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118879
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.1...
|
DU145 |
BALB/c nude mice (4-5 weeks old), five groups (n = 7).
5 groups (n = 10) of ICR mice (4-5 weeks old) |
Self-assembling poly(ethylene glycol)-block-polylactide-cabazitaxel |
Cabazitaxel (IV) |
8
15
30 |
20–30 |
During the treatment investigation, administration of the mPEG4k-PLA4k- Cbz conjugate nanoassembly at a reasonable dose resulted in long-lasting tumor regression. Notably, mPEG4k-PLA4k-Cbz nanotherapy has been shown to significantly reduce animal toxicity compared to that of the drug’s free form. Therefore, in terms of in-vivo anticancer efficacy and safety profiles, mPEG4k-PLA4k-Cbz nanotherapy fared better than other polymeric nanotherapies. |
Qu et al.1313 Qu N, Lee RJ, Sun Y, Cai G, Wang J, Wang M, Lu J, Meng Q, Teng L, Wang D, Teng L. Cabazitaxel-loaded human serum albumin NPs as a therapeutic agent against prostate cancer. Int J Nanomedicine. 2016;11:3451–9. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S105420
https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S105420...
|
PC-3 |
BALB/c nude mice (6 weeks old): three groups(n = 6). |
Human serumalbumin |
Cabazitaxel (IV) |
8 |
110–140 |
Comparing Cbz-NPs versus Cbz-Tween reveals considerable safety gains. In the in-vitro hemolysis assay, superior blood biocompatibility was shown. Along with decreased toxicity, Cbz-NPs demonstrated increased Cbz accumulation in tumors and longer blood circulation. As a result, Cbz-NPs may one day be used in the treatment of prostate cancer |
Cervin et al.1515 Cervin C, Tinzl M, Johnsson M, Abrahamsson PA, Tiberg F, Dizeyi N. Properties and effects of a novel liquid crystal nanoparticle formulation of docetaxel in a prostate cancer mouse model. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2010;41(2):369–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2010.07.003
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2010.07.0...
|
PC-3 |
Male SCID mice (4–6 weeks old)
Study 1: 30 mice were divided into three groups (n = 10).
Study 2: 18 mice were divided into two groups (one group of 12 and one group of six animals). |
Liquid crystal nanoparticle (LCNP) |
Study 1:
Docetaxel (IV)
Taxotere (IP)
Study 2:
Docetaxel (IV)
Taxotere (IV) |
1.62
1.35 |
80–90 |
Compared to the docetaxel formulation, the LCNP/docetaxel formulation had a better effect on tumor regression. In studies 1 and 2, it was demonstrated that LCNP/docetaxel had an effective antitumoral impact. The effect was substantial and nearly equal between the two experiments, despite some variations in the administration schedule and a 20% lower dose in study 2. In study 2, statistical variations in tumor volumes were identified. Along with the 20% lower dose, the different routes of administration can help to explain why taxotere had a less potent antitumoral impact in study 1 than it did in study 2 |
Elzoghby et al.1717 Elzoghby AO, Helmy MW, Samy WM, Elgindy NA. Micellar delivery of flutamide via milk protein nanovehicles enhances its anti-tumor efficacy in androgen-dependent prostate cancer rat model. Pharm Res. 2013;30(10):2654–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-013-1091-7
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-013-1091-...
|
Androgen-dependent PCa induced with cyproterone acetate and testosterone |
Sprague-Dawley rats divided into three groups of eight rats |
CAS micelles loaded with FLT |
Flutamide (IV) |
12 |
100 |
In-vivo evaluation of FLT-CAS micelles found that micellar FLT had better anti-tumor efficacy than free drug, as seen by a decrease in PSA serum level, prostate and seminal vesicle relative weights, and histological alterations. Furthermore, FLT-CAS micelles were reported to effectively reduce prostate tumor cell proliferation, limit tumor angiogenesis, and improve tumor apoptotic induction. Hepatotoxicity was also reduced in drug micelles compared in free medications |
Hoang et al.1919 Hoang B, Ernsting MJ, Murakami M, Undzys E, Li SD. Docetaxel-carboxymethylcellulose NPs display enhanced anti-tumor activity in murine models of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Int J Pharm. 2014;471(1-2):224–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.021
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.0...
|
PC-3 |
BALB/c mice were divided into three groups (n = 5) by animals.
NOD/SCID mice were divided into three groups (n = 10) by animals |
Carboxymethyl-cellulose |
Docetaxel (IV) |
170
20
10 |
122 |
One dose of Cellax totally regressed s.c. tumor xenografts in a mouse model of CRPC, demonstrating the drug’s improved effectiveness against the disease. Furthermore, it was discovered that Cellax caused fewer adverse effects than native DTX. In contrast to the original medication, Cellax did not cause the expression of drug resistance molecules to rise in androgen independent PC3 prostate cancer cells. When treated with Cellax vs native DTX and control, there were two- to three-fold increases in survival and notable improvements in the quality of life for the animals in the model of prostate cancer metastases to the bone |
Hoang et al.2020 Hoang B, Ernsting MJ, Tang WS, Bteich J, Undzys E, Kiyota T, Li SD. Cabazitaxel-conjugated NPs for docetaxel-resistant and bone metastatic prostate cancer. Cancer Lett. 2017;410:169–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2017.09.029
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2017.09...
|
PC-3 |
NOD/SCID mice were divided into three groups (of five) based on animal |
Carboxymethyl-cellulose |
Cabazitaxel (IV) |
55 |
100 |
Except for RES tissues, Cellax- Cbz showed lower accumulation in most normal organs while having a 157-fold increase in tumor delivery relative to free Cbz. When compared to free Cbz, Cellax-Cbz demonstrated greater anti-tumor action in a dose-dependent manner against models of DTX-resistant CRPC. It is noteworthy that 70% of mice with bone metastasis and DTX-resistant PC received a long-lasting cure (> 120 days) from Cellax-Cbz, whereas animals treated with saline or free Cbz died from the same disease after a month |
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Source: Elaborated by the authors.
Source: Elaborated by the authors.