Species of Vampyressa Thomas, 1900 are locally uncommon and widespread in the Neotropics. They are known to occur from southern Mexico to southern Amazon basin and from southeastern South America to Paraguay. Vampyressa pusilla (Wagner, 1843) and V. thyone Thomas, 1909 - previously considered one species - show a disjointed distribution. The former is considered endemic to the Atlantic forest and the other occurs from northwestern South America to southern Mexico. In addition, V. pusilla has been registered in savanna (Cerrado) and dry forests (Chaco). We report here the occurrence of V. pusilla in the Pantanal wetlands, western Brazil. It is probably the first record of the genus Vampyressa in such an ecosystem, increasing the geographical range of V. pusilla to western Brazil, towards the V. thyone distribution limits.
bats; Brazil; Chiroptera; geographic range; Nhecolândia; wetlands
