Índices fisiológicos e crescimento de pepino hidropônico sob soluções nutritivas salinas e ácido salicílico

Sá, Valeska K. N. O. de; Lima, Geovani S. de; Soares, Lauriane A. dos A.; Mendonça, Allysson J. T. de; Torres, Rafaela A. F.; Dantas, Maíla V.; Guedes, Maria A.; Gheyi, Hans R.

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Scientific Article • Rev. Caatinga 37 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252024v3712148rc copiar

Índices fisiológicos e crescimento de pepino hidropônico sob soluções nutritivas salinas e ácido salicílico

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o efeito da aplicação foliar de ácido salicílico nos índices fisiológicos e crescimento de pepino japonês cv. Hiroshi cultivado sob soluções nutritivas salinas em sistema hidropônico. A pesquisa foi conduzida em casa de vegetação no Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Pombal - PB, utilizando-se o sistema de cultivo hidropônico tipo Técnica de Fluxo Laminar de Nutriente - NFT. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas constituídas de quatro níveis de condutividade elétrica da solução nutritiva - CEsn (2,1; 3,6; 5,1 e 6,6 dS m-1) e as subparcelas de concentrações de ácido salicílico - AS (0, 1,8, 3,6 e 5,4 mM) com quatro repetições e duas plantas por parcelas. A CEsn de 4,8 dS m-1 associada a aplicação foliar de 3,6 mM de AS resultou em maior conteúdo relativo de água. O crescimento, a síntese de pigmentos fotossintéticos e o acúmulo de biomassa nas plantas de pepino japonês são inibidos pela solução nutritiva a partir de 2,1 dS m-1. Ácido salicílico na concentração de 2,0 mM promoveu maior taxa de crescimento relativo em área foliar das plantas sob solução nutritiva de 2,1 dS m-1. A concentração de 5,4 mM de AS associadas à solução nutritiva salina de 6,6 dS m-1 resultou em maior razão de raiz/parte aérea, entretanto, intensifica os efeitos deletérios do estresse salino no acúmulo de biomassas das plantas de pepino.

Palavras-chave
Cucumis sativus L. Estresse salino; Trocas gasosas; Mitigador

Sources of variation	DF			Mean squares
Sources of variation	DF	RWC	%EL	gs(1)	E(1)	Ci(1)	A
Saline nutrient solution (ECns)	3	341.624 ^ns	153.29 ^ns	0.09^**	2.62^ns	7839.14^* * and ** respectively, not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV: coefficient of variation, DF: degrees of freedom;	97.21^ns
Linear regression	1	514.64^* * and ** respectively, not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV: coefficient of variation, DF: degrees of freedom;	40.16 ^ns	0.15^**	1.20^ns	16230.75^* * and ** respectively, not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV: coefficient of variation, DF: degrees of freedom;	37.79^ns
Quadratic regression	1	4.461^ns	2.01 ns	0.000^ns	0.00^ns	1816.89^ns	74.34^ns
Residual 1	9	93.06	52.70	0.009	0.61	1819.16	23.89
Salicylic acid (SA)	3	178.36^ns	197.45 ^ns	0.01^ns	0.52^ns	8884.47^**	13.51^ns
Linear regression	1	9.50 ns	360.28 ^ns	0.000^ns	0.15^ns	538.20^ns	2.88^ns
Quadratic regression	1	39.64 ^ns	107.15 ^ns	0.037^ns	0.98^ns	13427.01^**	0.24^ns
Interaction (ECns × SA) Residual 2	9	224.11^* * and ** respectively, not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV: coefficient of variation, DF: degrees of freedom;	279.75 ^ns	0.01^ns	0.46^ns	4668.76^**	47.34^ns
CV 1 (%)		13.42	17.64	31.51	24.91	23.18	19.34
CV 2 (%)		14.07	38.65	38.10	23.57	21.74	18.96

Sources of variation			Mean squares
Sources of variation	DF	Chl a	Chl b	Chl t	Car
Saline nutrient solution (ECns)	3	43.43**	8.77**	90.20**	3.88**
Linear regression	1	114.65**	23.68**	242.26**	6.83**
Quadratic regression	1	0.18^ns	1.28	2.43^ns	0.09^ns
Residual 1	9	3.29	0.84	6.66	0.12
Salicylic acid (SA)	3	7.11^ns	2.09^ns	16.88^ns	0.13^ns
Linear regression	1	11.72^ns	3.84^ns	28.97^ns	0.36^ns
Quadratic regression	1	4.76^ns	0.92^ns	9.86^ns	0.03^ns
Interaction (ECns × SA) Residual 2	9	8.26^* * ,and ** and respectively, not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of freedom.	1.39^ns	16.12^* * ,and ** and respectively, not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of freedom.	0.46^* * ,and ** and respectively, not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of freedom.
CV 1 (%)		9.52	15.47	10.33	5.67
CV 2 (%)		9.03	17.90	10.62	7.24

Sources of variation			Mean squares
Sources of variation	DF	RGR_PH	RGR_SD	RGR_LA
Saline nutrient solution (ECns)	3	0.23^**	0.23^**	0.84^**
Linear regression	1	0.69^**	0.68^**	1.68^**
Quadratic regression	1	0.027^**	0.020^* * , and **, respectively, not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05 and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of Variation, DF - Degrees of freedom.	0.82^**
Residual 1	9	0.0003	0.0023	0.001
Salicylic acid (SA)	3	0.009^**	0.01^**	0.002^ns
Linear regression	1	0.02^**	0.01^**	0.003^ns
Quadratic regression	1	0.001^* * , and **, respectively, not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05 and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of Variation, DF - Degrees of freedom.	0.000^ns	0.002^ns
Interaction (ECns × SA)	9	0.001^**	0.009^**	0.03^**
Residual 2	36	0.0001	0.001	0.001
CV 1(%)		0.37	2.53	0.81
CV 2(%)		0.26	1.73	0.67

Sources of variation			Mean squares
Sources of variation	DF	LDB	StDB	RDB
Saline nutrient solution (ECns)	3	1923.03**	1112.51**	26.44**
Linear regression	1	5760.38**	3325.10**	78.94**
Quadratic regression	1	8.44^ns ns and	1.31^ns ns and	0.35^ns ns and
Residual 1	9	4.86	4.27	0.18
Salicylic acid (SA)	3	226.57^ respectively, not significant and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of Variation; DF - Degrees of freedom.	118.70^ respectively, not significant and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of Variation; DF - Degrees of freedom.	3.94^ respectively, not significant and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of Variation; DF - Degrees of freedom.
Linear regression	1	628.68^ respectively, not significant and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of Variation; DF - Degrees of freedom.	348.86^ respectively, not significant and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of Variation; DF - Degrees of freedom.	11.69^ respectively, not significant and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of Variation; DF - Degrees of freedom.
Quadratic regression	1	12.95^ns ns and	0.001^ns ns and	0.09^ns ns and
Interaction (ECns × SA) Residual 2	9	30.70^ respectively, not significant and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of Variation; DF - Degrees of freedom.	31.21^ respectively, not significant and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of Variation; DF - Degrees of freedom.	0.28^ respectively, not significant and significant at p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of Variation; DF - Degrees of freedom.
CV 1(%)		7.97	11.30	8.16
CV 2(%)		9.13	8.05	5.41

Sources of variation	DF -	Mean squares
Sources of variation	DF -	ShDB	TDB	R/S	RV
Saline nutrient solution (ECns)	3	5952.13^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.	6770.67^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.	0.011Γ^* * and	51728.95^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.
Linear regression	1	17838.36^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.	20289.88^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.	0.03^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.	153006.89^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.
Quadratic regression	1	3.08^ns	5.55^ns	0.002^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.	540.09^* * and
Residual 1	9	7.06	7.95	0.0001	39.26
Salicylic acid (SA)	3	646.45^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.	749.85^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.	0.0005^* * and	2396.21^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.
Linear regression	1	1914.53^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.	2225.15^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.	0.0005^ns	7177.50^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.
Quadratic regression	1	12.70^ns	10.63^ns	0.0009^* * and	5.38^ns
Interaction (ECns x SA)	9	103.94^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.	105.14^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.	0.0003^* * and	344.24^ respectively not significant, significant at p ≤ 0.05, and p ≤ 0.01; CV - Coefficient of variation; DF - Degrees of Freedom.
Residual 2	36	10.31	10.82	0.0001	36.01
CV 1(%)		5.78	5.50	8.70	5.28
CV 2(%)		6.98	6.41	9.22	5.06

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[1] * Corresponding author: valeska.karoline2015@gmail.com